Re-Thinking War in the Baltic Sea
This paper is a result of the Kiel International Seapower Symposium 2024 and its adjunct expert workshop themed (Re-)Learning War: Lessons from the Black Sea. It examines the ongoing war in Ukraine and the Black Sea and derives strategic implications for the Baltic Sea – notably for maritime security, naval strategy, and NATO operations. Starting from an assessment of the realities in the Black Sea, it evaluates the necessity for updated defence strategies, highlights the changing threat environment, and explores the integration of uncrewed systems and asymmetric tactics. By analysing recent developments, this brief study provides some concise, actionable insights for further examination to enhance NATO’s defence in a confined sea like the Baltic.
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